Overview

There is now considerable amount of direct evidence and data which proves bacteria and fungi currently thrive on Mars. The Mars Viking mission found evidence of microbiological activity in the 1970s, and in 2016 fungi were identified as flourishing on Mars based on judgments of 40 experts; and this was followed by conclusive evidence of fungal and bacterial growth and damage to the Mars rovers. NASA went to extraordinary lengths to prevent this research, and to get Judge Lloyd to suppress this evidence: photos taken by NASA on the NASA website.

The 2016 lawsuit against NASA, and Ingram Industries and Lightning Source (Joseph v NASA), was in large part, a Public Trust Action, based on conclusive evidence for life on Mars (i.e. fungi, bacteria), the fact that Martian fungi and Martian bacteria had contaminated and damaged NASA's Mars rovers Curiosity and Opportunity (Joseph 2016; Joseph & Rabb, 2016), and the dangers of transporting these Martian specimens to Earth, which is NASA's stated plan.

The entire NASA lawsuit and Public Trust action was derailed when NASA and its attorneys asked the Judge to ignore ("Not take notice" of) the photos from the NASA website. NASA did not want the judge to allow pictures, taken by NASA, to be entered into evidence. Moreover, as became apparent, the judge and NASA likely discussed this case prior to the hearing -without Dr. Joseph in attendance- and came to agreements to suppress this evidence, and decided the outcome of this case even before Dr. J. testified.

Secondary issues of the NASA lawsuit dealt with NASA's campaign of slander, defamation, harassment, threats, and hacking attacks (as proved by exhibits and factual evidence), so as to prevent Dr. Joseph from conducting his "life on Mars" research.

As also indicated by exhibits and factual evidence, almost immediately after Dr. J. published the preliminary results demonstrating evidence for life on Mars, and when NASA learned that book sales fund and support his research, NASA contacted Ingram Industries and Lightning Source--companies which print, sell, and distribute books published by Dr. J.'s publishing companies--who then secretly breached and secretly cancelled all contracts, so as to cut off all funds. As NASA's attorney laughed, the judge claimed the secret cancellation was justified as the defendants had received an email, from someone (most likely NASA).

When Dr. J was speaking, Judge Lloyd also interrupted and made inappropriate, insulting, personal remarks as NASA's attorney laughed. There was so much smiling between the judge and NASA's attorney, if not separated by a bench, they might have kissed.

In all respects, the hearing was ridiculous, a sham, and Dr. J. decided he would not legitimize this farce--with its predetermined outcome-- and thus, he demanded the case of Joseph v NASA be "dismissed due to Judicial Misconduct" and the Federal Court agreed.

And that, my friends, was the outcome of the Joseph v NASA lawsuit.

THE PICTURES NASA DID NOT WANT THE COURT TO SEE: EVIDENCE FOR LIFE ON MARS

In a study and detailed report, including statistical analyses, published by Joseph in May of 2016, forty scientists whom their universities had identified as experts in fungi, reached a consensus based on a visual inspection of Martian specimens photographed by the rovers (Figures 28-33): there is a low to high probability of life on Mars, and these life forms include fungi which NASA photographed growing out of the ground, shedding their outer skins, and sporing (Joseph 2016).

Figure 31: Sol 1162--A majority of Biologists and Geologists agree that these are Martian specimens resemble living organisms, most probably fungi (Joseph 2016).

Figure 32: Sol 182--Martian fungi sporing. A majority of Biologists report that these are Martian specimens resemble living organisms, most probably fungi (Joseph 2016).

Figure 33: Sol 257--Martian fungi shedding out skins with white spores littering the Martian surface. A majority of Biologists report that these are Martian specimens resemble living organisms, most probably fungi (Joseph 2016).

Figure 34: Sol 88. A majority of Biologists and Geologists agree that these are Martian specimens resemble living organisms, most probably fungi(Joseph 2016).

Figure 35: Sol 1145-(left) and Sol 1148-(right). Dramatic growth of Martian fungi over just three Martian days. Could the rovers be stimulating the growth of Martian organisms? Photos taken three days apart showing Martian fungi growing out of the ground and sporing. A majority of Biologists and Geologists agree that these are Martian specimens resemble living organisms, most probably fungi(Joseph 2016).

Figure 36: Sol 37--A majority of Biologists and Geologists agree that these are Martian specimens resemble living organisms, most probably fungi(Joseph 2016).

Fungi feast on bacteria, as well as on metals, plastics, and aluminum (Javaherdashti 2010; Little & Ray 2002). Fungi found growing on the Mir space craft, were discovered to be "eating" the ship from the outside in, and the inside out; even corroding the titanium windows.

The evidence presented in this report demonstrates that fungi, mold and microorganisms including sulphate reducing bacteria, appear to have contaminated, infiltrated, and corroded the Mars rovers Curiosity and Opportunity, and have severely weakened and damaged Curiosity's aluminum wheels. Given the debris scattering effect of the Rover's wheels and laser, it is likely the anterior aluminum wheels would suffer the greatest degree of contamination and subsequent damage by microorganisms; and this appears to be the case here.

Martian Fungi and Bacteria May Be Dangerous

Martian organisms include eukaryotes and mushroom-shaped fungus--as determined by scientists identified by their universities as experts in fungi (Joseph 2016). These Martian fungi have been photographed by NASA's Mars rovers growing out of the ground, shedding their outer skins, and sporing--findings which have led the authors to D) suspect that the rovers may be stimulating the growth of these organisms; and E) that the Mars rovers may be contaminated with Martian fungi and bacteria. F) An examination of photos taken of the rover Curiosity's and Opportunity's decks and the Curiosity's wheel wells supports this latter prediction. G) Martian fungi appear to be growing within and to have severely damaged the Rover Curiosity's aluminum wheels, and Martian fungi and bacteria appear to have infiltrated the upper decks of both rovers Curiosity and Opportunity resulting in damage and corrosion.

Figure 3: Mars Sol-51-(Before/Top) A portion of the Chem Cam deck of the Rover Curiosity. Photographed on Sol 51.(After/Below) Contamination of the Rover, Curiosity's Chem Cam deck, by Martian bacteria and Martian mold/fungi 1038 Martian days later (Sol 1089).

Figure 4: A portion of the Chem Cam deck of the Rover Curiosity by Martian bacteria and Martian mold/fungi (Sol 1089).

Figure 5: Mars Sol 840-Contamination of the Rover, Curiosity's Chem Cam deck, by Martian bacteria and Martian mold/fungi.

Figure 7: Mars Sol 1374--Contamination and bio-deterioration of the Rover, Curiosity's Chem Cam deck, by Martian bacteria and Martian mold/fungi.

Figure 10: Mars Sol 2813--Close up: contamination of the Rover, Opportunity, by Martian bacteria and mold/fungi.

Figure 11: Mars Sol 2813--Contamination of the Rover, Opportunity, by Martian bacteria and mold/fungi.

Figure 9A: Mars Sol 2718 (left) vs Sol 2813 (right)--Growth of bacteria and fungi on the Rover, Opportunity, after 95 (Martian) days on Mars--

Figure 10: Mars Sol 1089--Contamination, corrosion, and infiltration of the Rover, Curiosity's Chem Cam deck, by Martian bacteria and mold/fungi.

Figure 12: Mars Sol 837-Bio-deterioration of the Rover, Curiosity's Chem Cam deck.

About Rhawn Gabriel Joseph: Dr. Joseph began his scientific career in the 1970s when he proved and published what were then, major discoveries: 1) neuroplasticity and recovery of function in the primate brain, 2) the hormonal basis of sex differences, 3) early environmental influences on primate brain neuronal-synaptic connections and neural-perceptual development in primate, 4) the effects of enriched vs deprived environmental influences on intelligence, memory, learning and curiosity (see, for example, Joseph 1978, 1980, Joseph et al. 1978, 1979; Joseph & Gallagher, 1980; Joseph & Casagrande 1978, 1980; Casagrande & Joseph 1978, 1980). Dr. Joseph went on to make numerous major scientific discoveries; most of his research has been self-funded; and his work has been replicated many times.

References

Casagrande, V. A. & Joseph, R. (1978). Effects of monocular deprivation on geniculostriate connections in prosimian primates. Anatomical Record, 190, 359.

Casagrande, V. A. & Joseph, R. (1980). Morphological effects of monocular deprivation and recovery on the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus in prosimian primates. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 194, 413-426.

Joseph, R. (1979). Effects of rearing environment and sex on learning, memory, and competitive exploration. Journal of Psychology, 101, 37-43.

Joseph, R. (2016). A Low to High Probability of Life on Mars. Cosmology.com, May, 2016, Cosmology, 25, 1-25. http://Cosmology.com/LifeOnMarsStudy1.html

Joseph v NASA (2016): Public Trust Action. Case Number: CV 16 5142; Federal District Court, Northern California.

Joseph, R., & Casagrande, V. A. (1978). Visual field defects and morphological changes resulting from monocular deprivation in primates. Proceedings of the Society for Neuroscience, 4, 1982.

Joseph, R. & Casagrande, V. A. (1978). Visual field defects and recovery following lid closure in a prosimian primate. Behavioral Brain Research, 1, 150-178.

Joseph, R., Forrest, N., Fiducia, N., Como, P., & Siegel, J. (1980). Electrophysiological and behavioral correlates of arousal. Physiological Psychology, 9, 90-95.

Joseph, R., & Gallagher, R. E. (1980). Gender and early environmental influences on learning, memory, activity, overresponsiveness, and exploration. journal of Developmental Psychobiology, 13, 527-544.

Joseph, R., Hess, S., & Birecree, E. (1978). Effects of sex hormone manipulations on exploration and sex differences... Behavioral Biology, 24, 364-377.

Joseph, R., & Rabb, H. (2016). Martian Fungi and Bacteria Contaminate and Damage the Mars Rovers. Cosmology.com 12/13/16; http://cosmology.com/FungiContaminateMarsRovers.html